Sunday, September 11, 2005

Some broker terms

remaindermen
Sometimes a fund has two kinds of beneficiaries: those that get the fund's income and those that get the fund's capital (i.e. principal) at the end. The latter are the remaindermen. The interests of the two groups are often at odds with each other: the income beneficiaries want a lower risk strategy to protect their income (which typically doesn't change with risk). The remaindermen want a higher risk strategy to increase their expected return from capital gains

Soft DOllar:

The term soft dollars is used in relationship to certain payments made by investment funds to their service providers. In contrast to hard dollars (actual cash), which have to be reported on the fund's books, soft dollars are incorporated into brokerage fees and the expenses they pay for are thus not reported directly.

A positive example of a quid pro quo agreement is a soft dollar agreement, whereby Firm A uses research from Firm B in exchange for Firm B executing all of Firm A's trades.

For example, let's assume fund ABC Capital purchases computer equipment from XYZ Computers. Rather than paying XYZ for the computers, ABC adds fractions of a cent to the brokerage fees it pays for executing transactions through its broker, LMN Brokers. LMN then sends payment to XYZ. If ABC had paid XYZ directly, the transaction would have been designated as "hard dollar."

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